CAROTENOIDS SUPPORT MACULAR PIGMENT

Lutein and Zeaxanthin are absorbed by the macula and help increase healthy retinal pigment and visual contrast.

ZINC SUPPORTS RETINAL METABOLISM

Zinc breaks down retinal toxins, supports protein synthesis and cellular healing, and is an important cofactor for many antioxidant enzymes.

ANTIOXIDANTS AND BILBERRY SUPPORT CELLULAR FUNCTION

A complete antioxidant complex addresses free radicals to provide healthy function of microscopic retinal cells.

References:

• A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial of High-Dose Supplementation With Vitamins C and E, Beta Carotene, and Zinc for Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Vision Loss: AREDS Report No. 8 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1462955/pdf/nihms9674.pdf
• Lutein + Zeaxanthin and Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Age-Related Macular Degeneration The Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) Randomized Clinical Trial https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/1684847
• AREDS2: Perspectives, Recommendations, and Unanswered Questions https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4096000/pdf/nihms-611018.pdf
• Double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of lutein and antioxidant supplementation in the intervention of atrophic age-related macular degeneration: the Veterans LAST study (Lutein Antioxidant Supplementation Trial) http://eyedoctorricher.com/files/pdf/LASTStudyRicher.pdf
• Effects of Long-term Vitamin E Supplementation on Cardiovascular Events and Cancer A Randomized Controlled Trial https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/200541
• Dose-dependent response of serum lutein and macular pigment optical density to supplementation with lutein esters https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003986110002389